Oracle Database

What is Object in Oracle?

= This concept is almost analogue to Java Object. Oracle object types are user-defined types that make it possible to model real-world entities such as customers and purchase orders as objects in the database.When you create a variable of an object type, you create an instance of the type and the result is an object. An object has the attributes and methods defined for its type. Because an object instance is a concrete thing, you can assign values to its attributes and call its methods.
Defining an object type does not allocate any storage. Let us see example to learn how to create and use Object in Oracle.
First, define an Object Type, i.e data type:

Example:

CREATE TYPE person_typ AS OBJECT (
  idno           NUMBER,
  first_name     VARCHAR2(20),
  last_name      VARCHAR2(25),
  email          VARCHAR2(25),
  phone          VARCHAR2(20),
  MAP MEMBER FUNCTION get_idno RETURN NUMBER, 
 

CREATE TYPE BODY person_typ AS
  MAP MEMBER FUNCTION get_idno RETURN NUMBER IS
  BEGIN
    RETURN idno;
  END;
 
END;

Using the above crated Object Type:

CREATE TABLE contacts (
  contact         person_typ,
  contact_date    DATE );

INSERT INTO contacts VALUES (
  person_typ (65, 'Verna', 'Mills', 'vmills@oracle.com', '1-800-555-4412'), 
 '24 Jun 2003' );

What is Package in Oracle ?
=Packages provide a method of encapsulating related procedures, functions, and associated cursors and variables together as a unit in the database.

CREATE PACKAGE bank_transactions  AS 
  minimum_balance  CONSTANT NUMBER := 100.00;
  PROCEDURE apply_transactions;
  PROCEDURE enter_transaction (acct   NUMBER, kind   CHAR, amount NUMBER);
END bank_transactions; 

CREATE PACKAGE BODY bank_transactions AS 
    new_status  CHAR(20);  /* a Global variable */  It works like a global variable in JavaScript whose value can be set from any methods .
    PROCEDURE do_journal_entry (acct NUMBER, kind CHAR) IS
     BEGIN
 .........do some tasks,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
        new_status := set somevalue
     END do_journal_entry;
  END do_journal_entry;

   PROCEDURE credit_account (acct NUMBER, credit NUMBER) IS
    BEGIN
         .........do some tasks,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
          new_status := again set somevalue
END
  END credit_account;

END bank_transactions